Economics

Markets coordinate billions of decisions through prices — understanding supply, demand, elasticity, and market structures is the foundation of business economics.

Game theory formalizes how rational actors should behave when their outcomes depend on what others do — providing a rigorous framework for competitive strategy, negotiation, and cooperation.

Behavioral economics replaces the rational actor model with an empirically accurate account of how people actually make decisions — with profound implications for pricing, policy, and organizational design.

Macroeconomic conditions — growth, inflation, interest rates, and business cycles — shape the environment in which every business strategy is executed, and understanding them is essential for strategic planning.